[29] Enraged, Kam Bakhsh confiscated his properties and ordered the recruitment of four thousand soldiers for the attack. Sultana Begum, wife of the great grandson of Bahadur Shah Zafar. D) 1865 . [14], In May 1708, the emperor wrote a letter to Kam Bakhsh which he hoped would "be a warning" against proclaiming himself an independent sovereign and began a journey to the Tomb of Aurangzeb to pay his respects to his father. A) 1858. A) 1858. It was staged at Purana Qila, Delhi ramparts by Nadira Babbar and the National School of Drama repertory company in 2008. The group wrote some charms and asked the emperor to mix them in water and drink it, which would protect him from the evil. Taqarrub Khan reported it to Kam Bakhsh, who ordered the practise stopped. [46] In the July battle, Bahadur was defeated and fled to the Jammu hills. [8] Mu'azzam's loyal servants were moved by his father into the imperial service, and the remaining servants were sacked. He was a nominal Emperor, as the Mughal Empire existed in name only and his authority was limited only to the walled city of Old Delhi (Shahjahanbad). 39. [26] In an incident in which one of his followers was bitten by a snake, Zafar tried to cure him by giving a "seal of Bezoar" (a stone antidote to poison) and some water on which he had breathed to the man to drink. [14] Kam Bakhsh thanked him in a letter, "without either explaining or justifying [his actions]". It was later believed that Bahadur Shah was not directly responsible for the massacre, but that he may have been able to prevent it, and he was therefore considered a consenting party during his trial. After his death, Aurangzeb ordered Singh's widows and his son Ajit Singh to be brought to Delhi and with plans of forcefully absorbing Ajit Singh in the Mughal army in the future. He died in exile on 7 November 1862 in Rangoon, which is now Yangon, the capital of Burma. [49] He held the khatib (chief reciter) at the Badshahi Mosque responsible for the matter, and had him arrested. His father, Akbar Shah II, was Muslim while his mother, Lal … Ahsan Khan had developed a marketplace in Bijapur where, without permission from Kam Bakhsh, he did not tax the shops. Bahādur Shāh II, also called Bahādur Shāh Ẓafar, (born October 24, 1775, Delhi, India—died November 7, 1862, Rangoon [now Yangon], Myanmar), the last Mughal emperor of India (reigned 1837–57). پھیلا کے پائوں سوئیں گے کنج مزار میں Zafar died on Friday, 7 November 1862 at 5 am. In 1862, he died in Rangoon. دِن زندگی کے ختم ہوئے شام ہوگئی The story of Bahadur Shah Zafar remains incomplete without the description of his wife Zeenat Mahal. ], لگتا نہیں ہے جی مِرا اُجڑے دیار میں During the reign of Bahadur Shah, the Rajput states of Jodhpur and Amber were annexed again after they declared independence a few years previously. The last Mughal king, Bahadur Shah, better known as Bahadur Shah Zafar, was born in 1775 at Delhi. [29] He wrote the following Ghazal (Video search)[unreliable source?] ik shāKh-e-gūl pe baiTh ke būlbūl hé shādmāń [33] A Hindi-Urdu black-and-white movie, Lal Quila (1960), directed by Nanabhai Bhatt, showcased Bahadur Shah Zafar extensively. His men were sent to bring Singh to the city for an interview with him, where Singh received "special robes of honour" and a jewelled scarf. After failing to recapture Sadaura he marched towards Lohgarh, where Bahadur was hiding. According to William Irvine, his maternal grandfather was Sayyid Shah Mir (whose daughter, Nawab Bai Ji, married Aurangzeb). However the Sisodias declared independence after the death of Aurangzeb in 1707. Amber passed into Mughal hands without a war. After she sent him captured followers of Bahadur, he ordered that "ornaments worth 100,000 rupees should be manufactured" for her, and Prakash was released a month later. The Sikhs then besieged Jalalabad but withdrew to Jalandhar Doab due to the flooding in the Krishna River. He appealed to Muslims in name of religion and declared a jihad against the Sikhs. He declared that he was a governor under emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar. and was buried at the site that later became known as Bahadur Shah Zafar Dargah. [7] When the sepoys first arrived at Bahadur Shah Zafar's court, he asked them why they had come to him, because he had no means of maintaining them. बुलबुल को पासबाँ से न सैयाद से गिला After losing Lucknow, Begum Hazrat Mahal retreated to Faizabad and joined Maulavi Ahmadullah Shah, Nana Saheb and others in the battle of Shahjahanpur. The British took two years to completely suppress the rebel. اِک شاخِ گل پہ بیٹھ کے بُلبُل ہے شادماں The sepoys apparently used to affix his seal on empty envelopes, the contents of which he was absolutely unaware. With trouble arising in a pargana of Deoband and Sikh converts complaining of imprisonment and persecution by the faujdar Jalal Khan, Banda marched on Saharanpur on the way to Jalalabad. His wives were:[22]. During his grandfather's reign, Mu'azzam was appointed vizer of Lahore from 1653 to 1659. He was "spoon-fed on broth" but he found that difficult too by 3 November. [14] Mu'azzam ascended the Mughal throne at age 63 on 19 June 1707, with the title of Bahadur Shah I. At first the trial was suggested to be held at Calcutta, the place where Directors of East India company used to their sittings in connection with their commercial pursuits. [26] He was also a believer of the magical and superstitious side of the Orthodox Sufism. On 5 November 1708 Shah's camp reached Bidar, 67 miles (108 km) north of Hyderabad. Because of Zafar's neutral views on religions, many Indian kings and regiments accepted and declared him as the Emperor of India. In October 1711, a joint Mughal-Rajput force marched towards Sadaura. B) 1859. Not even two yards of land were to be had, in the land of his beloved.[32]. क़िस्मत में क़ैद लिखी थी फ़स्ल-ए-बहार में Zafar was accompanied into exile by his wife, Zeenat Mahal, and some of the remaining members of the family. Begum Sahiba Zeenat Mahal was the wife of bahadur Shah Zafar. The trial was a consequence of the Sepoy Mutiny and lasted for 41 days, had 19 hearings, 21 witnesses and over a hundred documents in Persian and Urdu, with their English translations, were produced in the court. Yar Muhammad (supported by the emperor's son, Azim-ush-Shan) recruited troops against Shah, but no war was fought. He was a poet, musician, and calligrapher, more an aesthete than a political leader. [29], When he reached Hyderabad on 28 June 1708, he learned that Kam Bakhsh had attacked Machhlibandar to seize over three million rupees' worth of treasure hidden in its fort. Ascending the throne, Kam Bakhsh made Ahsan Khan, who served in the army as the bakshi (general of the armed forces), and made his advisor Taqarrub Khan as chief minister[23] and gave himself the title of Padshah Kam Bakhsh-i-Dinpanah (Emperor Kam Bakhsh, Protector of Faith). [19] On 6 November, the British Commissioner H.N. “The eldest son of his late Majesty Mirza Aboo Zuffer has quietly succeeded to the throne under the usual salutes. The ghazis were defeated by the Sikhs. On 10 November Shah began his march to Amber (in Rajputana, present day Rajasthan state of India), visiting the tomb of Salim Chishti in Fatehpur Sikri on 21 November. In October, his commander Khanzada Nawab Feroz Khan wrote to him that he had "chopped three hundred heads of rebels"; Khan sent them to the emperor, who displayed them mounted on spears. फैला के पाँव सोएँगे कुंज-ए-मज़ार में 39. Zafar was the son of Mirza Akbar Shah II & Lalbai, who was a Hindu Rajput, & became Mughal Emperor when his father died in 1837. [56], Bahadur Shah I, post coronation painting featuring Mughal symbols, Nur-ud-din Muhammad Jahangir, Mughal Emperor, Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Shah Jahan I, Mughal Emperor, Muhi-ud-din Muhammad Aurangzeb, Mughal Emperor, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bahadur_Shah_I&oldid=1002026526, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Persian-language text, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Abul-Nasr Sayyid Qutb-ud-din Muhammad Shah Alam Bahadur Shah Badshah, This page was last edited on 22 January 2021, at 13:41. Mirza Jawan Bakht (1841 - 1884) Was The Son Of Emperor Bahadur Shah II, Also Called Zafar, And Zinat Mahal. He died in exile on 7 November 1862 in Rangoon, which is now Yangon, the capital of Burma. [11], The trial was a consequence of the Sepoy Mutiny and lasted for 41 days, had 19 hearings, 21 witnesses and over a hundred documents in Persian and Urdu, with their English translations, were produced in the court. While some part of his opus was lost or destroyed during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, a large collection did survive, and was compiled into the Kulliyyat-i-Zafar. It is unfortunate that this great commander of the First Indian War of Indepen- dence remains buried in a foreign land. किसकी बनी है आलम-ए-नापायेदार में See more ideas about pyinmana, last emperor, red fort. [5], In 1681, he was sent by Aurangzeb to the Deccan to crush a revolt raised by his step-brother Sultan Muhammad Akbar. Zafar (meaning 'victory' in Persian) was a poet and an artist. [18] After Aurangzeb's death, during Shah's half brother Muhammad Azam Shah's rule Ajit marched to Jodhpur and took it from Mughal rule. [54] Unlike the other Mughal emperors, his coins did not use his name in a couplet; poet Danishmand Khan composed two lines for the coins, but they were not approved. [8], On 16 May, sepoys and palace servants killed fifty-two Europeans who were prisoners of the palace and who were discovered hiding in the city. Begum Hazrat Mahal – She was the wife of the deposed Nawab Wazid Ali Shah of Lucknow. 4) Causing and being accessory to the murder of the Christians. Bahadur Shah was buried in the Moti Masjid at Mehrauli in Delhi. C) 1850. [7] Aurangzeb forbade Mu'azzam to cut his nails or hair for six months, gave orders depriving him of "good food or cold water." Similarly, happened to Rani Avantibai. Aurangzeb charged Mu'azzam with treason and imprisoned him; his harem was "shipped off to faraway Delhi",[7] and the ladies were also charged with treason. [28], He was a prolific Urdu poet and calligrapher. Sultana Begum, wife of the great grandson of Bahadur Shah Zafar After her husband's demise, her life has been reduced to a measly pension from which she has to support her 6 children. He ascended the Mughal throne in 1837 at the age of 62. and was buried at the site that later became known as Bahadur Shah Zafar Dargah. [4], In 1670, Mu'azzam organised an insurgency to overthrow Aurangzeb and proclaim himself the Mughal emperor. Updated: 05 Oct 2019, 10:40 AM IST Shreya Ila Anasuya. But as Gorkha forces arrived, fearing capture and humiliation, the Begum fled to Nepal. Before taking Sirhind in the Battle of Chappar Chiri, Banda captured Shahabad, Sadhaura and Banur. Bahadur Shah Zafar was sentenced life imprisonment and was sent with his wife to Rangoon, where he died in Jail on November 1862. [9] In 1695, Aurangzeb sent Mu'azzam to the Punjab region to fight the chieftains and subdue a rebellion by the Sikh Guru Gobind Singh. He was not to meet anybody without his father's prior consent. Sultana Begum, 60, married the great-grandson of Bahadur Shah Zafar; After ruling India for 300 years, he was overthrown by Britain in 1857; Descendants of the last Mughal emperor survive on a pension of £60; Their home is a two-room hut in a bleak shantytown in Kolkatta [12], Without appointing a crown prince, Aurangzeb died in 1707 when Mu'azzam was governor of Kabul and his younger half-brothers (Muhammad Kam Bakhsh and Muhammad Azam Shah) were the governors of the Deccan and Gujarat respectively. [25], Bahadur Shah Zafar was a devout Sufi. NEW DELHI: Frail and gaunt, Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar gave himself up to the British at Humayun’s Tomb at the end of a tense day on September 21, 1857. He made his son Jahandar Shah commander of the advance guard, later replacing him with Khan Zaman. [9], Around 1694, Aurangzeb rehabilitated Mu'azzam and allowed him "to rebuild his household", rehiring some of his servants who had been dismissed. "[31], Thinking that Kam Bakhsh might flee to Persia, the emperor ordered his prime minister Zulfiqar Khan Nusrat Jung to agree with Madras Presidency governor Thomas Pitt to pay him 200,000 rupees for Kam Bakhsh's capture. Despite this, he was the primary accused in the trial for the rebellion. The court that he maintained was home to several prolific Urdu writers, including Mirza Ghalib, Dagh, Mumin, and Zauq. Zafar was portrayed in the play 1857: Ek Safarnama set during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 by Javed Siddiqui. Mirza Abu Zafar Sirajuddin Muhammad Bahadur Shah Zafar (1775 – 1862), was the last Mughal emperor & a member of the Timurid Dynasty. Bahadur Shah Zafar died in the Rangoon jail in November 1862. Similarly, happened to Rani Avantibai. The emperor, then in the Deccan had to patch up a truce by restoring Ajit Singh and Jai Singh to the Mughal Service. mehakShrgll mehakShrgll B e g u m S h a h i b a z e e n a t w a s t h e w i f e o f b a h a d u r s h a h z a f a r . A coterie of pirs, miracle workers and Hindu astrologers were always in touch with the emperor. The sepoys did not have any commander since each regiment refused to accept orders from someone other than their own officers. itnī jageh kahāń hé dil-e-dāGhdār méń Copper coins from Aurangzeb's reign were re-minted with his name. B) 1845. Tell these longings to go dwell elsewhere His 15,000 troops were divided into two bodies: one led by Mumin Khan, assisted by Rafi-ush-Shan and Jahan Shah, and the second under Zulfiqar Khan Nusrat Jung. Personal Life & Legacy He had four wives, Begum Ashraf Mahal, Begum Akhtar Mahal, Begum Zeenat Mahal, and Begum Taj Mahal. [14], Hakim Ahsanullah Khan, Zafar's most trusted confidant and both his Prime Minister and personal physician, had insisted that Zafar did not involve himself in the rebellion and had surrendered himself to the British. Zafar's wife, Zinat Mahal, died in 1882 approximately 20 years after his death. [21] According to the Bahadur Shah Nama chronicle, because of this incident the emperor called Amar Singh an "unbeliever". According to Irvine, when he was "weakened by loss of blood", Bahadur Shah took him and his son Bariqullah prisoner. [12] At first the trial was suggested to be held at Calcutta, the place where Directors of East India company used to their sittings in connection with their commercial pursuits. [10] Aurangzeb continued to spy on his son, appointing his men to Mu'azzam's household, sending informants to his harem and choosing his representatives at the imperial court. [27] In April 1708, Shah's envoy Maktabar Khan came to Kam Bakhsh's court. The British tried their best to get the loyalty of the Indians. Bahadur Shah Zafar ruled over a Mughal Empire that had by the early nineteenth century been reduced to only the city of Delhi and the surrounding territory as far as Palam. The faujdar of Saharanpur, Ali Hamid Khan, fled to Delhi while the Sikhs defeated the defenders and reduced the town. When she died, the location of Zafar's grave had already been forgotten and "could not be located," so she was buried in a roughly similar position near a tree where his grave was assumed to be. [27] Ahsan Khan ignored warnings by close friends that Kam Bakhsh would arrest him, but he was imprisoned and his property seized. D) 1859 [42] The city of Sirhind fell to the Mughals on 7 December; its besieger, general Mohammad Amin Khan Bahadur, gave him a golden key ring commemorating the victory. Once known as a playboy prince … Zafar had 16 sons and 31 daughters. Shah ruled that because of the dispute, the region would become part of the Mughal empire and the city was renamed as Islamabad. In his youth, he conspired to overthrow his father Aurangzeb, the sixth Mughal emperor, and ascend to the throne. The Sikhs, being outnumbered withdrew to Rahon and captured its fort after defeating the Mughals in the battle of Rahon on 12 October 1710. Bahadur received soldiers from village ruler Ram Chand for his march against the Mughals, and besieged Fatehabad in April 1711. Mirza Mughal's administration extended no further than the city. din zindagī ke Khatm hué shām ho gayī Six days later, a small group of Sikhs were defeated at Mewati and Banswal. Two hours later Kam Bakhsh's camp was surrounded, and Zulfiqar Khan impatiently attacked him with his "small force". [5], On 12 May 1857, Zafar held his first formal audience in several years. [34] Kam Bakhsh was brought by palanquin to the emperor's camp, where he died the next morning. Forces led by Isa Khan and Muhammad Amin Khan followed but failed to capture him. دو آرزو میں کٹ گئے، دو اِنتظار میں Singh was pardoned, became titular ruler of the region and was appointed governor of the province of Kabul before his death on 18 December 1678. Q18- The Company regime in India came to end in . At that time he was 60. In the meantime, Shah's aid Mihrab Khan was ordered to take possession of Jodhpur. In October, his condition deteriorated. [26], As a poet, Zafar imbibed the highest subtleties of mystical Sufi teachings. His reign was disturbed by several rebellions, the Sikhs under the leadership of Banda Singh Bahadur, Rajputs under Durgadas Rathore and fellow Mughal Kam Bakhsh but all of them were successfully quelled. Once again, Aurangzeb followed his previous policy to dissuade Mu'azzam with gentleness and then to place him under greater vigilance. But he wasn’t kept there for long and moved to Red Fort. ], غازیوں میں بو رھےگی جب تک ایمان کی تخت لندن تک چلےگی تیغ ھندوستان کی. A television series titled "Bahadur Shah Zafar" aired on Doordarshan in 1986. Zafar's religious tolerance, some suggest, also reflects his mixed parentage. [20][21] Davies commenting on Zafar, described his life to be "very uncertain". [42], On 1 November 1710 the emperor reached the city of Karnal, where Mughal cartographer Rustam Dil Khan gave him a map of Thanesar and Sirhind. He also donated cows to the poor, elephants to the Sufi shrines and horses to the khadims or clergy of Jama Masjid. Zafar never had any interest in statecraft or had any "imperial ambition". Bahadur Shah Zafar (24 October 1775 – 7 November 1862) The last Mughal king, Bahadur Shah, better known as Bahadur Shah Zafar, was born in 1775 at Delhi. کہہ دو اِن حسرتوں سے کہیں اور جا بسی In September 1857 the British established their control over Delhi and Bahadur Shah was imprisoned. Shivaji raided the outskirts of Mughal Deccan's capital Aurangabad while the indolent Mu'azzam did little to prevent it. The story of Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last mughal, is the most tragic part of the glory called Mughal Dynasty. दो गज़ ज़मीन भी न मिली कू-ए-यार में, lagtā nahīń hé jī mérā ūjař'é dayār méń After learning from messenger Rustan Jung that he had crossed the Ravi River, the emperor attacked with artillery led by Isa Khan. Shah also had intention of recapturing Udaipur. On 2 October, although the army was deployed at the mosque the old khutba (which did not call Ali "wasi") was read. He was the second son[2] of and became the successor to his father, Akbar II, upon his death on 28 September 1837. The nightingale complains about neither the sentinel nor the hunter D) 1859 40. [39] He abolished the mughal Zamindari system and gave the cultivators proprietorship of their own land. The executions took place under a peepul tree in front of the palace, despite Zafar's protests. He Was The Fifteenth Son Of His Father And The Only Son Of His Mother. C) 1858. Shah's plans were intercepted by the emperor, who imprisoned him several times. While the emperor may have been overstating his impotence before the sepoys, the fact remains that the sepoys had felt powerful enough to dictate terms to anybody. [26] After informing Kam Bakhsh of the matter, he invited Rustam Dil Khan for dinner; arrested en route, Rustam Dil Khan was killed by being crushed under the feet of an elephant. On 11 April, his body was sent to Delhi under the supervision of his widow Mihr-Parwar and Chin Qilich Khan. But his exile still continues. They called on Shamas Khan, the Faujdar of Jalandhar, to effect reforms and hand over the treasury. [30] In July, the garrison at the Kulbarga fort declared their independence and garrison leader Daler Khan Bijapuri "reported his desertion from Kam Bakhsh". [30][unreliable source? [6] This was something which could not be mistaken for incompetence; it was clearly treason. They came to Nanauta on 21 July 1710 and defeated the local Sheikhzadas. Feb 19, 2017 - Explore Narong Budhraja's board "Bahadur Shah Zafar" on Pinterest. In 1683, he was ordered by Aurangzeb to march to the Konkan region to prevent the still rebellious Akbar from fleeing the country, but again Mu'azzam failed to achieve the assigned goal. C) Begum Gazal Mahal. [43] His follower, Gulab Singh (who was "dressed like" Bahadur), entered the fight and was killed. An arched iron-grill bears his name and title. [32], At sunrise the following day, the Mughal army charged towards Kam Bakhsh. My trust is in God, and whatever is best will happen. Q17- Bahadur Shah Zafar passed away in . After his defeat, he said:[4][unreliable source? D) Begum Gazi Khatun . दो आरज़ू में कट गए, दो इन्तज़ार में Bahādur Shāh II, also called Bahādur Shāh Ẓafar, (born October 24, 1775, Delhi, India—died November 7, 1862, Rangoon [now Yangon], Myanmar), the last Mughal emperor of India (reigned 1837–57). Though dismayed by the looting and disorder, he gave his public support to the rebellion. Explaining or justifying [ his actions ] '' … Zafar was accompanied into exile by his son Bariqullah prisoner 'victory! Moved to Red Fort kings and regiments accepted and declared him as the Indian rebellion of by. And have been living in Rangoon, Burma, hundreds of kingdoms and principalities, fragmented their land by... Mughal Zamindari system and gave the cultivators proprietorship of their own tolls traffic. The sarkar of Hissar where they started preparation for a military force in it under! [ 32 ] haveli, where Bahadur was defeated and fled to the Shah! 6 November, the emperor 's group neared, in the revolt of 1857 by Siddiqui! 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